The Blackfoot territory contains numerous landforms created by glaciers.
Mountain valleys and lakes such as St Mary and Waterton were carved by the glaciers flowing out of the Mountains.
In the Plains, the melting of a very large ice mass at the end of the Ice Age left a large imprint on the landscape. Rock chunks carried by the ice came to form the train of erratics, or okotoks, along the foothills. Very large lakes formed in front of the melting ice masses. As they drained, they created deep and wide river valleys and coulees, and left vast amounts of fine sediment that eventually was to form the local sand hills.